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Implementation of Perturb & Observe MPPT Algorithm for Solar PV System Part1

Implementation of Perturb & Observe MPPT Algorithm for Solar PV System Part1

Introduction

The Perturb and Observe (P&O) Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithm is essential for optimizing the energy output of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems. This post outlines the fundamental concepts and implementation steps of the P&O algorithm in MATLAB.

Understanding the P&O Algorithm

Before diving into implementation, it's crucial to grasp the basics of the P&O algorithm, including its flowchart and various cases. The algorithm primarily involves measuring voltage and current to calculate power output at both current and previous instants.

Key Parameters

  • Current Instant (I): The instantaneous current measurement.

  • Previous Instant (I_prev): The last recorded current measurement.

  • Power (P): Calculated from voltage (V) and current (I).

  • Power Difference (ΔP): The difference in power between current and previous measurements.

  • Voltage Difference (ΔV): The difference in voltage between current and previous measurements.

Implementing the Algorithm: Case Analysis

The P&O algorithm operates through several cases that dictate adjustments to the duty cycle of the converter connected to the solar panel.

Case 1

  • Current Power: 28 W; Previous Power: 35 W

  • Power Difference: ΔP = 28 W - 35 W = -7 W

  • Voltage Difference: ΔV = 7 V - 9 V = -2 V

  • Since both ΔP and ΔV are negative, the duty cycle is increased to move towards the maximum power point (MPP).

Case 2

  • Current Power: 45 W; Previous Power: 50 W

  • Power Difference: ΔP = 45 W - 50 W = -5 W

  • Voltage Difference: ΔV = 19 V - 18.5 V = +0.5 V

  • With ΔP negative and ΔV positive, the duty cycle is decreased to reach the MPP.

Case 3

  • Current Power: 35 W; Previous Power: 25 W

  • Power Difference: ΔP = 35 W - 25 W = +10 W

  • Voltage Difference: ΔV = 20 V - 21 V = -1 V

  • As ΔP is positive and ΔV is negative, the duty cycle is decreased to navigate towards the MPP.

Case 4

  • Current Power: 18 W; Previous Power: 12 W

  • Power Difference: ΔP = 18 W - 12 W = +6 W

  • Voltage Difference: ΔV = 5 V - 3 V = +2 V

  • Both ΔP and ΔV being positive necessitate an increase in the duty cycle to approach the MPP.

Conclusion

The P&O algorithm effectively adjusts the duty cycle based on power and voltage differences to maximize energy extraction from solar panels. The next steps will focus on practical implementation of the P&O algorithm using MATLAB, facilitating real-time optimization of solar PV systems.


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