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Solar PV Battery Driven Electric Vehicle in MATLAB

Solar PV Battery Driven Electric Vehicle in MATLAB


Introduction:

We delve into the assembly and functionality of a Solar PV Battery Driven Electric Vehicle utilizing a Transformerless Buck Boost Converter. This advanced system integrates solar power with battery storage to drive an electric vehicle efficiently.

System Components

1. Solar PV Panel

  • Rating: 1830 watts at 25°C and 1000 watts per square meter.

  • Configuration: Two series strings and three parallel strings.

2. Transformerless Buck Boost Converter

  • Function: Extracts maximum power from the PV panel using MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) algorithm.

  • Operation: Switches between buck and boost modes as per load requirements.



3. Battery and Control

  • Type: Four 40 Ah batteries.

  • Control: Bi-directional DC-DC converter manages battery charging and discharging based on DC bus voltage.

4. Electric Motor

  • Type: PMDC Motor.

  • Function: Powers the electric vehicle continuously using power from PV panels and batteries.

5. Measurement System

  • Parameters Measured: PV voltage, current, and power; Battery voltage, current, State of Charge (SoC); DC bus voltage; Motor speed, torque, and current.

Simulink Model Explanation

1. Solar PV and MPPT

  • Function: The PV panel generates power based on irradiation levels (modeled at 2000, 1000, and 1500 watts per square meter).

  • MPPT Control: Ensures the buck boost converter operates optimally to track and extract maximum power under varying environmental conditions.

2. Battery Management

  • Charge Control: Bi-directional DC-DC converter manages battery charging when PV power exceeds demand.

  • Discharge Control: Ensures the battery supplies power during low irradiation periods or high motor demand.

3. Electric Motor Drive

  • Continuous Power: PMDC motor receives power from both PV panels and batteries, maintaining vehicle operation.

  • Stable Operation: Motor speed and torque are monitored to ensure consistent performance under changing power conditions.

Simulation Results and Discussion

1. Power Generation and Distribution

  • PV Output: Initially peaks at 1860 watts and adjusts with irradiation changes (e.g., drops to 950 watts with reduced sunlight).

  • Battery Operation: Charges when excess PV power is available and discharges during low irradiation, maintaining vehicle power.

2. Motor Performance

  • Steady Operation: Motor speed and torque remain stable around 1700 RPM and maintain a constant current, adapting to varying power inputs.


Conclusion The integration of a Transformerless Buck Boost Converter in a Solar PV Battery Driven Electric Vehicle demonstrates efficient power management and utilization. This system ensures continuous operation of the electric vehicle by harnessing solar energy and effectively managing battery storage.


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