𝐒𝐨𝐥𝐚𝐫 𝐏𝐕 𝐁𝐚𝐭𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐲 𝐂𝐡𝐚𝐫𝐠𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐰𝐢𝐭𝐡 𝐀𝐍𝐍 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐏&𝐎 𝐌𝐏𝐏𝐓 𝐢𝐧 𝐌𝐀𝐓𝐋𝐀𝐁

𝐈𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐨𝐝𝐮𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧

Solar PV battery charging systems are widely used in renewable energy applications, standalone power systems, electric vehicle charging, and research-based MATLAB/Simulink studies. This product presents a complete 𝐌𝐏𝐏𝐓 𝐒𝐨𝐥𝐚𝐫 𝐂𝐡𝐚𝐫𝐠𝐞𝐫 𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐨𝐥𝐥𝐞𝐫 model using two different MPPT techniques:

• 𝐀𝐍𝐍 𝐌𝐏𝐏𝐓

• 𝐏&𝐎 𝐌𝐏𝐏𝐓

The model helps students, researchers, and engineers understand how solar PV power is extracted, converted, controlled, and used for 𝐛𝐚𝐭𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐲 𝐜𝐡𝐚𝐫𝐠𝐢𝐧𝐠 through a DC-DC Zeta converter.

Solar PV battery charging with ANN and P&O MPPT In MATLAB

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𝐒𝐲𝐬𝐭𝐞𝐦 𝐎𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐯𝐢𝐞𝐰

This MATLAB/Simulink model includes a solar PV array, MPPT controller, battery charger logic, Zeta converter, battery bank, and DC load. The main objective is to extract maximum power from the PV panel and charge the battery safely based on battery voltage and SOC conditions.

Component	Description
Solar PV Array	Generates power from solar irradiation and temperature
MPPT Controller	Tracks maximum power point using ANN or P&O
Zeta Converter	Performs buck and boost operation based on duty cycle
Battery	Stores the extracted solar energy
Load	Connected at the output side of the converter
Measurement Blocks	Measure PV, battery, and load parameters

𝐌𝐚𝐢𝐧 𝐒𝐲𝐬𝐭𝐞𝐦 𝐏𝐚𝐫𝐚𝐦𝐞𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐬

Parameter	Value
Total PV Power	2000 W
Single PV Panel Power	250 W
PV Voltage at Maximum Power	39.9 V
PV Current at Maximum Power	8.1 A
Series Panels per String	4
Parallel Strings	2
Battery Voltage	48 V
Battery Capacity	200 Ah
Load Power	500 W
Initial Irradiation	1000 W/m²
Changed Irradiation	500 W/m²
Cell Temperature	25°C

𝐖𝐨𝐫𝐤𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐏𝐫𝐨𝐜𝐞𝐬𝐬

The solar PV array receives solar irradiation and temperature as input. Based on these conditions, the PV system generates voltage, current, and power.

The generated PV power is processed through the 𝐙𝐞𝐭𝐚 𝐜𝐨𝐧𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐭𝐞𝐫. The converter duty cycle is controlled by the selected MPPT technique. The output power is used for two purposes:

• Supplying the connected DC load

• Charging the 48 V battery

When solar irradiation is high, more power is available for battery charging. When irradiation is reduced, the available PV power decreases, and the battery charging current also reduces.

𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐨𝐥 𝐒𝐭𝐫𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐠𝐲

The model uses two MPPT control methods for comparison.

𝐀𝐍𝐍 𝐌𝐏𝐏𝐓 𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐨𝐥

The ANN MPPT controller receives:

• Solar irradiation

• Cell temperature

Based on these inputs, the ANN model generates the reference voltage for maximum power point operation. This reference voltage is compared with the actual PV voltage. The error is processed through a PI controller, which produces the duty cycle for the converter.

𝐁𝐚𝐭𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐲 𝐂𝐡𝐚𝐫𝐠𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐋𝐨𝐠𝐢𝐜

The duty cycle is allowed to the PWM generator only when:

• Battery SOC is below 100%

• Battery voltage is below the fully charged voltage limit

If the battery is already fully charged, the controller blocks the duty cycle to avoid overcharging.

𝐏&𝐎 𝐌𝐏𝐏𝐓 𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐨𝐥

The P&O MPPT method uses PV voltage and PV current to track the maximum power point. It continuously observes the change in PV power and voltage and adjusts the duty cycle with a small step size.

This method is simple and widely used, but it may produce oscillations around the maximum power point, especially during sudden irradiation changes.

𝐀𝐍𝐍 𝐌𝐏𝐏𝐓 𝐯𝐬 𝐏&𝐎 𝐌𝐏𝐏𝐓

Feature	ANN MPPT	P&O MPPT
Input Parameters	Irradiation and temperature	PV voltage and current
Tracking Response	Smooth and fast	Slower during sudden changes
Oscillation	Low	Higher
Irradiation Change Handling	Better	Moderate
Battery Charging Response	Smooth	More transient variation
Suitability	Advanced MPPT study	Basic MPPT comparison

𝐒𝐢𝐦𝐮𝐥𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐑𝐞𝐬𝐮𝐥𝐭𝐬

The model is tested under changing irradiation conditions. Initially, the irradiation is set to 1000 W/m². After 5 seconds, the irradiation is reduced to 500 W/m².

Condition	PV Power	Battery Charging Behavior	Load Power
1000 W/m²	Around 2000 W	Higher charging current	500 W
500 W/m²	Around 1000 W	Reduced charging current	500 W

𝐀𝐍𝐍 𝐌𝐏𝐏𝐓 𝐑𝐞𝐬𝐮𝐥𝐭

• PV voltage remains smooth

• PV current changes properly with irradiation

• PV power reduces from around 2000 W to 1000 W

• Battery current changes smoothly

• Battery SOC increases gradually

• Load power remains stable at 500 W

𝐏&𝐎 𝐌𝐏𝐏𝐓 𝐑𝐞𝐬𝐮𝐥𝐭

• PV voltage contains more oscillation

• PV current shows transient variation

• PV power takes more time to reach maximum power point

• During irradiation change, a larger dip is observed

• Battery current shows more transient behavior

• Load power remains nearly constant

𝐊𝐞𝐲 𝐅𝐞𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞𝐬

• Complete MATLAB/Simulink model for solar PV battery charging

• Includes both 𝐀𝐍𝐍 𝐌𝐏𝐏𝐓 and 𝐏&𝐎 𝐌𝐏𝐏𝐓 methods

• 2000 W PV system with 48 V, 200 Ah battery

• DC-DC Zeta converter based charging system

• Battery SOC and voltage-based charging protection

• PV voltage, current, and power measurement

• Battery voltage, current, and SOC measurement

• Load voltage, current, and power measurement

• Useful for MPPT comparison and academic research

𝐀𝐩𝐥𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬

This model is suitable for:

• Solar PV battery charging studies

• Renewable energy system simulation

• MPPT algorithm comparison

• MATLAB/Simulink learning projects

• Power electronics converter analysis

• Battery charging controller design

• Engineering final year projects

• Research work related to solar energy systems

𝐖𝐡𝐨 𝐂𝐚𝐧 𝐔𝐬𝐞 𝐓𝐡𝐢𝐬 𝐌𝐨𝐝𝐞𝐥?

User Category	Benefit
Students	Learn solar PV MPPT and battery charging control
Researchers	Compare ANN and P&O MPPT performance
Engineers	Study Zeta converter-based PV charging system
Project Developers	Use as a reference model for renewable energy projects
MATLAB Learners	Understand complete Simulink implementation

𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐜𝐥𝐮𝐬𝐢𝐨𝐧

The 𝐒𝐨𝐥𝐚𝐫 𝐏𝐕 𝐁𝐚𝐭𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐲 𝐂𝐡𝐚𝐫𝐠𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐰𝐢𝐭𝐡 𝐀𝐍𝐍 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐏&𝐎 𝐌𝐏𝐏𝐓 𝐢𝐧 𝐌𝐀𝐓𝐋𝐀𝐁 model provides a clear comparison between intelligent and conventional MPPT techniques. The ANN MPPT gives a smoother response with reduced oscillation, while the P&O MPPT provides a simple and useful reference for basic MPPT operation.

This model is a useful learning and research resource for understanding solar PV power extraction, DC-DC converter control, battery charging logic, and MPPT performance comparison in MATLAB/Simulink.