MATLAB Simulation of Fuel Cell Battery Driven Electric Vehicle
The integration of fuel cell technology with battery-driven electric vehicles offers a promising solution for sustainable transportation. MATLAB provides a powerful platform for modeling and simulating such complex systems, allowing us to analyze their performance under various conditions.
Simulation Model Overview:
The simulation model comprises a fuel cell, a battery, a boost converter, and an electric vehicle system. Here's a breakdown of the key components:
Fuel Cell: A 24-volt fuel cell with a rating of 1.26 kilowatts is employed as the primary power source for the electric vehicle.
Battery: A 48-volt battery with a capacity of 200 ampere-hours serves as a supplementary power source and energy storage device.
Boost Converter: The boost converter is utilized to regulate the voltage output from the fuel cell and maintain it at a suitable level for charging the battery and driving the electric vehicle.
MPPT Algorithm: An MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) algorithm is implemented to optimize the power output from the fuel cell and ensure maximum energy extraction under varying operating conditions.
Electric Vehicle System: The electric vehicle system includes an AC motor, a voltage source converter (inverter), and various sensors for monitoring system parameters.
Simulation Parameters and Control Logic:
The fuel cell's operating parameters, such as voltage and current, are monitored and used to control the boost converter's operation.
An MPPT algorithm adjusts the duty cycle of the boost converter to extract maximum power from the fuel cell.
The battery's state of charge (SoC) is monitored, and its charging and discharging modes are controlled based on the power demand and available energy from the fuel cell.
The electric vehicle's motor speed, torque, and current are regulated to maintain optimal performance during acceleration, deceleration, and steady-state operation.
Simulation Results:
The simulation results demonstrate the dynamic behavior of the fuel cell battery-driven electric vehicle under different scenarios, such as changes in fuel cell pressure and power demand. Key observations include:
The fuel cell's power output varies based on the pressure and operating conditions.
The battery serves as a backup power source, supplementing the fuel cell's output during periods of high demand or low fuel cell pressure.
The electric vehicle's performance parameters, including motor speed, torque, and battery SoC, are maintained within desired limits throughout the simulation.
Conclusion:
Modeling and simulating a fuel cell battery-driven electric vehicle in MATLAB provide valuable insights into its performance characteristics and system behavior under real-world conditions. By optimizing control strategies and component sizing, engineers can design efficient and reliable electric propulsion systems for sustainable transportation.
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