𝐅𝐮𝐳𝐳𝐲 𝐋𝐨𝐠𝐢𝐜 𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐨𝐥 𝐨𝐟 𝐕𝟐𝐆 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐆𝟐𝐕 𝐢𝐧 𝐒𝐢𝐧𝐠𝐥𝐞 𝐏𝐡𝐚𝐬𝐞 𝐆𝐫𝐢𝐝 𝐢𝐧 𝐌𝐀𝐓𝐋𝐀𝐁

𝐅𝐮𝐳𝐳𝐲 𝐋𝐨𝐠𝐢𝐜 𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐨𝐥 𝐨𝐟 𝐕𝟐𝐆 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐆𝟐𝐕 𝐢𝐧 𝐒𝐢𝐧𝐠𝐥𝐞 𝐏𝐡𝐚𝐬𝐞 𝐆𝐫𝐢𝐝 𝐢𝐧 𝐌𝐀𝐓𝐋𝐀𝐁

This blog explains a 𝐌𝐀𝐓𝐋𝐀𝐁/𝐒𝐢𝐦𝐮𝐥𝐢𝐧𝐤 model for 𝐕𝐞𝐡𝐢𝐜𝐥𝐞-𝐭𝐨-𝐆𝐫𝐢𝐝 and 𝐆𝐫𝐢𝐝-𝐭𝐨-𝐕𝐞𝐡𝐢𝐜𝐥𝐞 operation in a 𝐅𝐮𝐳𝐳𝐲 𝐋𝐨𝐠𝐢𝐜 𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐨𝐥 𝐨𝐟 𝐕𝟐𝐆 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐆𝟐𝐕 𝐢𝐧 𝐒𝐢𝐧𝐠𝐥𝐞 𝐏𝐡𝐚𝐬𝐞 𝐆𝐫𝐢𝐝 𝐢𝐧 𝐌𝐀𝐓𝐋𝐀𝐁 .

The model uses 𝐟𝐮𝐳𝐳𝐲 𝐥𝐨𝐠𝐢𝐜 𝐜𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐨𝐥 to regulate battery current and manage bidirectional power flow between the electric vehicle battery and the grid.

Fuzzy Logic control of V2G and G2V in Single Phase Grid in MATLAB

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𝐖𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐢𝐬 𝐕𝟐𝐆 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐆𝟐𝐕?

Mode	Power Flow	Battery Condition
𝐕𝟐𝐆	Battery to grid	Discharging
𝐆𝟐𝐕	Grid to battery	Charging

𝐌𝐚𝐢𝐧 𝐈𝐝𝐞𝐚 𝐨𝐟 𝐭𝐡𝐢𝐬 𝐌𝐨𝐝𝐞𝐥

• The system is designed for 𝐬𝐢𝐧𝐠𝐥𝐞-𝐩𝐡𝐚𝐬𝐞 𝐠𝐫𝐢𝐝 operation.

• The grid can charge the vehicle battery in 𝐆𝟐𝐕 mode.

• The vehicle battery can send power back to the grid in 𝐕𝟐𝐆 mode.

• The battery current direction is controlled using 𝐟𝐮𝐳𝐳𝐲 𝐥𝐨𝐠𝐢𝐜.

• The DC link voltage is regulated around 𝐃C 𝐥𝐢𝐧𝐤 𝐫𝐞𝐟𝐞𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐜𝐞 𝐯𝐨𝐥𝐭𝐚𝐠𝐞 of 380 V.

𝐒𝐲𝐬𝐭𝐞𝐦 𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐟𝐢𝐠𝐮𝐫𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧

Parameter	Value / Description
Simulation platform	MATLAB/Simulink
Grid type	Single-phase grid
Grid peak voltage	325 V
Grid frequency	50 Hz
Source-side inductance	2.3 mH
DC link reference voltage	380 V
Battery type	Lithium-ion battery
Battery nominal voltage	220 V
Battery capacity	48 Ah
Initial battery SOC	50%
Control methods	Converter control + fuzzy logic control

𝐌𝐚𝐣𝐨𝐫 𝐏𝐨𝐰𝐞𝐫 𝐂𝐢𝐫𝐜𝐮𝐢𝐭 𝐁𝐥𝐨𝐜𝐤𝐬

Block	Purpose
Single-phase grid	Supplies or receives power
Series inductance	Supports current smoothing
Single-phase converter	Converts AC to DC and DC to AC
DC link capacitor	Maintains stable DC link voltage
Bidirectional converter	Controls battery charging and discharging
LC filter	Reduces switching ripple
Battery	Stores and supplies energy

𝐒𝐢𝐧𝐠𝐥𝐞-𝐏𝐡𝐚𝐬𝐞 𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐭𝐞𝐫

The single-phase converter operates in both directions.

Operation	Converter Action
During 𝐆𝟐𝐕	Converts AC power from grid to DC
During 𝐕𝟐𝐆	Converts DC power from battery side to AC
Main role	Controls grid-side current and power flow

𝐁𝐢𝐝𝐢𝐫𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐚𝐥 𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐭𝐞𝐫

The bidirectional converter is connected between the DC link and the battery.

It includes:

• 𝐓𝐰𝐨 𝐈𝐆𝐁𝐓 𝐬𝐰𝐢𝐭𝐜𝐡𝐞𝐬

• 𝐋𝐂 𝐟𝐢𝐥𝐭𝐞𝐫

• 𝐏𝐖𝐌 𝐩𝐮𝐥𝐬𝐞 𝐜𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐨𝐥

• 𝐅𝐮𝐳𝐳𝐲 𝐥𝐨𝐠𝐢𝐜 𝐝𝐮𝐭𝐲 𝐜𝐲𝐜𝐥𝐞 𝐜𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐨𝐥

𝐅𝐮𝐳𝐳𝐲 𝐋𝐨𝐠𝐢𝐜 𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐨𝐥 𝐏𝐫𝐨𝐜𝐞𝐬𝐬

The fuzzy logic controller controls the battery current.

𝐈𝐧𝐩𝐮𝐭𝐬 𝐭𝐨 𝐅𝐮𝐳𝐳𝐲 𝐋𝐨𝐠𝐢𝐜 𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐨𝐥𝐥𝐞𝐫

Input	Meaning
Error	Difference between reference current and actual battery current
Change in error	Rate of change of battery current error

𝐎𝐮𝐭𝐩𝐮𝐭 𝐨𝐟 𝐅𝐮𝐳𝐳𝐲 𝐋𝐨𝐠𝐢𝐜 𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐨𝐥𝐥𝐞𝐫

Output	Purpose
Duty cycle	Controls bidirectional converter switching

𝐅𝐮𝐳𝐳𝐲 𝐑𝐮𝐥𝐞 𝐃𝐞𝐭𝐚𝐢𝐥𝐬

Item	Details
Input 1	Error
Input 2	Change in error
Output	Duty cycle
Error membership functions	5
Change in error membership functions	5
Duty cycle membership functions	5
Total fuzzy rules	25

𝐌𝐨𝐝𝐞 𝐒𝐞𝐥𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐔𝐬𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐑𝐞𝐟𝐞𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐜𝐞 𝐂𝐮𝐫𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐭

Reference Current	Operating Mode	Battery Action
Positive current	𝐕𝟐𝐆	Battery discharges
Negative current	𝐆𝟐𝐕	Battery charges

𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐭𝐞𝐫 𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐨𝐥 𝐋𝐨𝐠𝐢𝐜

The converter control is used to maintain the DC link voltage and control the grid-side current.

𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐨𝐥 𝐒𝐭𝐞𝐩𝐬

• Measure the 𝐃𝐂 𝐥𝐢𝐧𝐤 𝐯𝐨𝐥𝐭𝐚𝐠𝐞.

• Compare it with the reference voltage of 380 V.

• Process the voltage error through a 𝐏𝐈 𝐜𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐨𝐥𝐥𝐞𝐫.

• Generate the peak current reference.

• Measure grid voltage and process it through 𝐏𝐋𝐋.

• Generate sinusoidal current reference.

• Compare reference current with source current.

• Generate modulating signal using another 𝐏𝐈 𝐜𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐨𝐥𝐥𝐞𝐫.

• Produce switching pulses using 𝐬𝐢𝐧𝐮𝐬𝐨𝐢𝐝𝐚𝐥 𝐏𝐖𝐌.

𝐒𝐢𝐦𝐮𝐥𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐓𝐞𝐬𝐭 𝐂𝐚𝐬𝐞𝐬

Time	Reference Current	Mode	Battery Status
0 to 1 s	+10 A	V2G	Discharging
After 1 s	−10 A	G2V	Charging

The model can also be tested in reverse order:

Time	Reference Current	Mode	Battery Status
0 to 1 s	−10 A	G2V	Charging
After 1 s	+10 A	V2G	Discharging

𝐕𝟐𝐆 𝐎𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐑𝐞𝐬𝐮𝐥𝐭𝐬

During 𝐕𝟐𝐆 mode:

• Battery current is maintained at 𝐩𝐨𝐬𝐢𝐭𝐢𝐯𝐞 10 A.

• Battery SOC starts decreasing from 50%.

• Battery operates in 𝐝𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐡𝐚𝐫𝐠𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐦𝐨𝐝𝐞.

• Battery supplies power to the grid.

• Source voltage and source current have 180° phase difference.

• DC link voltage is maintained around 380 V.

𝐆𝟐𝐕 𝐎𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐑𝐞𝐬𝐮𝐥𝐭𝐬

During 𝐆𝟐𝐕 mode:

• Battery current changes to 𝐧𝐞𝐠𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐯𝐞 10 A.

• Battery SOC starts increasing.

• Battery operates in 𝐜𝐡𝐚𝐫𝐠𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐦𝐨𝐝𝐞.

• Grid supplies power to the battery.

• Source voltage and source current are in phase.

• The system maintains unity power factor operation.

𝐃𝐂 𝐋𝐢𝐧𝐤 𝐕𝐨𝐥𝐭𝐚𝐠𝐞 𝐑𝐞𝐬𝐩𝐨𝐧𝐬𝐞

Condition	Observation
Steady operation	DC link voltage remains near 380 V
Mode change	Small transient occurs
Settling response	Voltage settles around 380 V
Reason for transient	Change from V2G to G2V or G2V to V2G

𝐒𝐢𝐦𝐮𝐥𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐎𝐮𝐭𝐩𝐮𝐭𝐬 𝐎𝐛𝐬𝐞𝐫𝐯𝐞𝐝

Output	Purpose
Source voltage	Checks grid voltage waveform
Source current	Checks current phase and waveform
Battery SOC	Shows charging or discharging
Battery current	Confirms V2G or G2V mode
Battery voltage	Monitors battery terminal voltage
DC link voltage	Verifies DC bus regulation

𝐊𝐞𝐲 𝐅𝐞𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞𝐬

• 𝐌𝐀𝐓𝐋𝐀𝐁/𝐒𝐢𝐦𝐮𝐥𝐢𝐧𝐤 based V2G and G2V model

• Single-phase grid operation

• Fuzzy logic based battery current control

• Bidirectional power flow between grid and battery

• DC link voltage regulation around 380 V

• Lithium-ion battery charging and discharging analysis

• Source current control using converter control logic

• Sinusoidal PWM based converter switching

• Unity power factor operation during grid interaction

𝐀𝐩𝐩𝐥𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬

• Electric vehicle charging research

• Vehicle-to-grid system analysis

• Grid-to-vehicle charging control

• Smart grid energy management

• Battery current control studies

• Fuzzy logic controller design

• Power electronics converter simulation

• MATLAB/Simulink academic projects

𝐎𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐚𝐥𝐥 𝐖𝐨𝐫𝐤𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐒𝐮𝐦𝐦𝐚𝐫𝐲

Stage	Description
Step 1	Select reference current
Step 2	Decide V2G or G2V operation
Step 3	Measure actual battery current
Step 4	Calculate error and change in error
Step 5	Generate duty cycle using fuzzy logic
Step 6	Produce PWM pulses for bidirectional converter
Step 7	Maintain DC link voltage using converter control
Step 8	Analyze battery SOC, current, voltage, and grid response

𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐜𝐥𝐮𝐬𝐢𝐨𝐧

This MATLAB/Simulink model clearly demonstrates 𝐟𝐮𝐳𝐳𝐲 𝐥𝐨𝐠𝐢𝐜 𝐜𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐨𝐥 𝐨𝐟 𝐕𝟐𝐆 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐆𝟐𝐕 in a single-phase grid.

The model shows how positive and negative battery current references are used to change the operating mode.

The fuzzy logic controller regulates the battery current, while the converter control maintains DC link voltage and grid-side current quality.

This model is useful for students, researchers, and engineers working on 𝐄𝐕 𝐜𝐡𝐚𝐫𝐠𝐢𝐧𝐠, 𝐛𝐢𝐝𝐢𝐫𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐚𝐥 𝐩𝐨𝐰𝐞𝐫 𝐟𝐥𝐨𝐰, 𝐬𝐦𝐚𝐫𝐭 𝐠𝐫𝐢𝐝, and 𝐌𝐀𝐓𝐋𝐀𝐁/𝐒𝐢𝐦𝐮𝐥𝐢𝐧𝐤 control applications.