The PSO (Particle Swarm Optimization) Sliding Mode Based Variable Step Perturb and Observe (P&O) Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithm implemented in MATLAB is a method used to enhance the efficiency of photovoltaic (PV) systems. This approach combines PSO optimization with a sliding mode control technique to dynamically adjust the step size of the P&O algorithm, allowing for more accurate and rapid tracking of the maximum power point of the PV array under changing environmental conditions. By employing MATLAB, engineers and researchers can develop, simulate, and evaluate the performance of this MPPT algorithm in various scenarios, optimizing its parameters to achieve maximum energy extraction from solar panels. This method holds promise for improving the reliability and efficiency of PV systems, especially in environments with fluctuating solar irradiance levels.