G2V and V2G Operation in Single Phase Grid in MATLAB
 
Vehicle to Grid (V2G) and Grid to Vehicle (G2V) in Single-Phase Grid Using MATLAB/Simulink
 
This MATLAB/Simulink model presents the operation of Vehicle to Grid (V2G) and Grid to Vehicle (G2V) in a single-phase grid system. The model is developed to study bidirectional power flow between an electric vehicle battery and the utility grid. It consists of a single-phase grid, LCL filter, single-phase inverter, bidirectional DC-DC converter, DC link, and EV battery. The bidirectional converter is used to control the battery charging and discharging current, while the inverter manages power exchange between the DC link and the grid.
 
The system uses a PI controller for battery current control and a PR controller for inverter current control. A PLL-based synchronization unit is used to generate the sinusoidal reference signal according to the grid phase angle. During G2V mode, the grid charges the battery and the battery current remains negative. During V2G mode, the battery supplies power back to the grid and the battery current becomes positive. The model clearly demonstrates phase relation, current reversal, DC-link voltage regulation, and seamless transition between charging and discharging modes.
 
Specification / Ratings
 
Software Platform: MATLAB/Simulink
System Type: Single-phase V2G and G2V model
Grid Interface: Single-phase grid with LCL filter
Inverter Type: Single-phase inverter
DC-DC Converter: Bidirectional DC-DC converter
Battery Nominal Voltage: 160 V
Battery Rated Capacity: 120 Ah
Initial State of Charge: 50%
DC-Link Voltage: 400 V
Battery Current Controller: PI controller
Inverter Current Controller: PR controller
Synchronization Technique: PLL-based synchronization
Charging Current Example: -2 A / -12 A
Discharging Current Example: +12 A
Battery Voltage During Charging: Around 170 V
Mode Change Demonstration: Step change at 0.5 s from -12 A to +12 A
 
Key Points
 
Demonstrates both G2V and V2G operation in a single-phase grid
Shows bidirectional power transfer between battery and grid
Uses PI control for battery current regulation
Uses PR control for inverter-side current tracking
Maintains DC-link voltage at 400 V
Includes PLL for grid synchronization
Explains how voltage-current phase relation indicates direction of power flow
Demonstrates smooth transition from charging mode to discharging mode
Useful for understanding EV-grid interaction and smart charging concepts
Provides clear simulation behavior for current reversal and power flow control
 
Useful To
 
Electric vehicle charging and discharging studies
Vehicle-to-grid and smart grid research
MATLAB/Simulink-based power electronics projects
Bidirectional converter control analysis
Inverter control and grid synchronization learning
Academic project demonstrations
EV battery-grid integration studies
Research on distributed energy support through EV batteries